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KMID : 0371019960290040785
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Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
1996 Volume.29 No. 4 p.785 ~ p.800
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A study on dermatologic diseases of workers exposed to cutting oil
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Chun Byung-Chul
Kim Hee-Ok
Kim Soon-Duck
Oh Chil-Hwan
Yum Yong-Tae
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Abstract
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We investigated the 1,004 workers who worked in a automobile factory to study the epidemiologic characterists of dermatoses due to cutting oils. Among the workers, 667(66.4%) answered the questionnaire. They are belong to 5 departments of the factory-the Engine-Work(258 workers), Gasoline engine Assembly(210), Diesel engine Assembly(96); Power train Work(86), Power train Assembly(17). We measured the oil mist concentration in air´: of the departments and examined the workers who had dermatologic symptoms. The results were follows;
1) Oil mist concentration ; Of all measured points(52), 9 points(17.2%), exceeded 5 mg/m2 - the time-weighed PEL- and one department had a upper confidence limit(95%)´ higher than 5 mg/m2.
2) Dermatologists examined 213 workers. 172 of them complained any skin symptoms at that time - itching(32.5%), papule(21.6%), scale(15.7%), vesicle(12.5%) in order. The abnormal skin site found by dermatologist were palm(29.3%), finger & nail(24.6%), forearm(16.2%), back of hand(8.4%) in order.
3) As the result of physical examination, we found that 160 workers had skin diseases. Contact dermatitis was the most common; 69 workers had contact dermatitis alone(43.1%), 11 had contact dermatitis with acne(6.9%), 10 had contact dermatitis with folliculitis(6.3%), 1 had contact dermatitis with acne & folliculitis, and 1 had contact dermatitis with abnormal pigmentation. Others were folliculitis(9 workers, 5.6%), acne(8, 5.0%), folliculitis & acne (2, 1.2%), keratosis(l, 0.6%), abnormal pigmentation (1, 0.6%), and non-specific hand eczema (47, 29.3%).
4) The prevalence of any skin diseases was 34.0 per 100 in cutting oil users, and 13.3 per 100 in non- users. Especially, the prevalence of contact dermatitis was 23.´0, per 100 in cutting oil users and 4.3 per 100 in non-users.
5) We tried patch test(standard sense, oil sense, organic solvent on 49 patients to differentiate allergic contact dermatitis from irritant contact dermatitis and found 20 were positive.
6) In a multivariate analysis(independent age, tenure, kinds of cutting oil), the risk of skin diseases was higher in the water-based cutting oil user and both oil user than non-user or neat oil user(odds ratio were 2.16 and 2.78, respectively). And the risk of contact dermatitis was much higher at the same groups(odds ratio were 5.16 and 6.82, respectively).
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KEYWORD
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cutting oil, MWF, occupational dermatoses, contact dermatitis
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